Roman Numerals Converter
Convert numbers to Roman numerals and back, from 1 to 3,999,999: spot non-standard forms like IIII, write dates in Roman numerals and see a 1–100 chart.
What it does
Roman numerals write numbers with seven letters: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1000. Values are added from left to right, and a smaller letter before a larger one is subtracted (IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900). They are still used for years, clock faces, book chapters, monarchs and events like the Olympic Games.
How to use it
- Type a number to see it in Roman numerals, or type a Roman numeral to see its value; both fields update as you type.
- If the Roman numeral is not in the standard form, the converter shows its value and the correct way to write it.
- Use the date converter for birthdays, weddings or tattoos, choosing the order and the separator.
Frequently asked questions
Is there a zero in Roman numerals?
No. The Romans had no symbol for zero or for negative numbers; the smallest Roman numeral is I (1).
Why do some clocks show IIII instead of IV?
It is a long clockmaking tradition, often explained by visual balance with VIII on the other side. IIII is understood as 4, but the standard form is IV.
What is the largest Roman numeral?
With the standard rules, MMMCMXCIX (3,999). Larger numbers use a bar over the letters, which multiplies them by 1,000, so this converter goes up to 3,999,999.
How do I write the year 2026 in Roman numerals?
2026 is MMXXVI: MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6). Years are written in full, never shortened like '26.
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Wikipedia — Roman numerals